The Jewish Ghetto in Rome, built 40 years later than that of Venice's oldest-ever-is one of the oldest slums in the world. The term probably derives from geth GHETTO (segregation) or the name of the district Venetian Ghetto, where Jews were forced to reside.
The inhabitants of the ghetto, along with a requirement to reside and prohibition from exercising any business except that of starcci, had to wear a badge that would make them more recognizable: a cap for men, another sign of recognition easy women, both the color green. Initially, there were two doors around the walls of the district were closed and reopened at dawn to sunset. The number of entrances, increasing the size and population of the ghetto, was subsequently extended to three, five and then to eight.
The French Revolution and Napoleonic conquests altered the lives of the Roman Jews: in the ghetto, in Piazza delle Cinque Scole, was erected a "tree of liberty," and the French commander Berthier proclaimed the equal rights of Jews and their full citizenship. But in 1814, with the final return the new Pope Pius VII, the Jews were once again locked up in the ghetto.
In 1870, the unification of the city to the Kingdom of Italy and the end of the temporal power of popes, the ghetto was finally abolished and the Jews the same rights as Italian citizens.
In 1888, the new plan were established that demolished much of the ancient streets and old buildings of the ghetto and that were created three new streets: Via del Portico d'Ottavia Via Catalana and the weather.
dawn on October 16, 1943, a platoon of German soldiers, after having surrounded the neighborhood, catturarò 1,022 Jews, including about 200 children. Transferred to the Tiburtina train station, were loaded onto a convoy who came to the concentration camp of Auschwitz on Oct. 22: only 16 deportees will be able to survive, including one woman and child.
dawn of the twenty-first century, the quarter-hour Sant'Angelo Company name-it remains one of the most picturesque areas in old Rome: the northern part, with its web of narrow streets, it maintains a residential character, while the south is always characterized by the presence Jewish. The streets around the Portico d'Ottavia so keep 'the atmosphere of a village.
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